Porcelain stoneware is a high performance product  with high wear resistance, used for floor tiles in high traffic areas. The final product must have a higher proportion of crystalline phase compared with the traditional ceramic floor tiles in order to obtain a good resistance. For this reason the chemical composition was chosen based on alkaline-earth oxides, which have the ability to form compounds with high speed of crystallization. Theoretically cordierite and mulltite have been chosen as the main mineralogical components which were widely varied. Samples were synthesized by pressing then heated (sintered) at 1200-1350⁰C with 2 hours plateau at maximum sintering  temperature (thermal treatment temperature).

On the thermally treated samples  the variation of vitrification characteristics according to the thermal treatment temperature was determined. An appropriate behaviour to vitrification was observed for the samples with theoretical content of cordierite of 30-50%.  The X-ray diffraction shows that at low temperatures (the cordierite is a major phase, but in low proportions magnesium spinel and mullite occur). The latter is a nonequilibrium compound that occurs as an intermediate phase in the formation of cordierite and entirely consumed over 1300°C. At temperature of 1300-1350°C remain crystalline only two components of equilibrium. Texture studies performed with electron microscopy revealed the presence of mullite  as neddle form and cordierite as tabular form.